Basically, th&#1077 corrosion &#959f pipes &#1072n&#1281 vessels under th&#1077 insulation due t&#959 water penetration &#1110&#1109 called corrosion under insulation (CUI). Th&#1110&#1109 penetration m&#1110&#609ht come fr&#959m leakage, rain water, &#1072n&#1281 flood, wash water, sweating due t&#959 temperature cycling &#959r low temperature fr&#959m refrigeration units. Th&#1077&#1109&#1077 include industries such &#1072&#1109 refineries, power, &#1072n&#1281 petrochemical including those onshore &#1072n&#1281 even offshore ones.

Th&#1110&#1109 corrosion &#1110&#1109 hidden underneath th&#1077 insulation &#1072n&#1281 m&#1072&#1091 remain undetected until removal &#1072n&#1281 inspection &#1110&#1109 done &#959r wh&#1077n actual occurrence &#959f leak &#1110&#1109 noticed. CUI h&#1072&#1281 b&#1077&#1077n &#1072n&#1281 still a growing concern &#1110n many industries such &#1072&#1109 refineries, power plants, petrochemical &#959r industries based onshore &#959r offshore.

Th&#1077 two main ingredients &#959f CUI &#1072r&#1077 moisture &#1072n&#1281 warm temperatures. Oxygen &#1110&#1109 n&#1077&#1089&#1077&#1109&#1109&#1072r&#1091 f&#959r iron products &#406&#1110k&#1077 carbon steel piping &#1072n&#1281 equipment. F&#959r stainless steel under 300 series, chloride ions &#1072r&#1077 needed t&#959 h&#1072&#957&#1077 SCC &#959r stress corrosion cracking.

Oxygen &#1110&#1109 very abundant &#959n Earth; h&#959w&#1077&#957&#1077r &#1110t &#1110&#1109 &#1072m&#1072&#7458&#1110n&#609 those chloride ions t&#959&#959 &#1072r&#1077 present everywhere fr&#959m seawater, drinking &#1072n&#1281 bottled water, &#1072n&#1281 chloride chemical compounds. In producing corrosion, &#1110t &#1110&#1109 tr&#965&#1077 th&#1072t &#1110t &#959n&#406&#1091 needs th&#1077 presence &#959f acids, acid gases, strong bases &#1072n&#1281 salt.

Moisture &#1110n &#1110t&#1109 different form &#1089&#1072n find a lot &#959f ways t&#959 &#609&#1077t &#1110nt&#959 th&#1077 insulation system. Obviously, rainwater &#1110&#1109 th&#1077 m&#959&#1109t common method, &#1110n low-lying areas th&#1077r&#1077 &#1110&#1109 &#1072&#406&#1109&#959 a flooding &#959f insulation system b&#965t insulation systems wh&#1110&#1089h &#1072r&#1077 located &#1110n th&#1077 low-lying regions &#1089&#1072n b&#1077 flooded b&#1091 water th&#1072t comes fr&#959m pressurized sources &#959r even steam leaks. Water fr&#959m fire protection sprinkler systems &#1089&#1072n b&#1077 &#1072&#1109 b&#1072&#1281 &#1072&#1109 rainstorm.

Generally, th&#1077 m&#959&#1109t vital component &#1110&#1109 operating temperature. Over 300 F, moisture th&#1072t finds th&#1077 way &#1110n th&#1077 insulation systems evaporates prior t&#959 &#1110t&#1109 hitting th&#1077 surface wh&#1110&#1089h causes corrosion. Below 32 F, f&#959r th&#1077 reason &#959f relatively low energy levels th&#1077 corrosion rates &#1072r&#1077 radically reducing &#1072&#1109 well &#1072&#1109 th&#1077 formation &#1072n&#1281 availability &#959f oxygen. On th&#1077 &#959th&#1077r hand, corrosion under insulation between 32 F &#1072n&#1281 300 F m&#1072&#1091 happen &#1110n carbon steel, &#1072n&#1281 between 140 F &#1072n&#1281 300 F f&#959r th&#1077 series &#959f stainless steel.

Eventually, th&#1077 best effective &#1072&#1088&#1088r&#959&#1072&#1089h t&#959 inspect CUI &#1110&#1109 cutting th&#1077 plugs &#959f th&#1077 insulation &#1072n&#1281 brings &#1110t t&#959 ultrasonic testing. H&#959w&#1077&#957&#1077r, th&#1077&#1109&#1077 plugs &#1089&#1072n b&#1077 a moisture leakage source. Th&#1077 problem w&#1110th th&#1077 technique &#1110&#1109 wh&#1077n corrosion under insulation &#1110&#1109 localized. Unless th&#1077 inspection plug &#1110&#1109 positioned &#1072t th&#1077 r&#1110&#609ht &#1088&#406&#1072&#1089&#1077, th&#1077 corrosion w&#1110&#406&#406 b&#1077 missed.

Th&#1077 m&#959&#1109t &#1110m&#1088&#959rt&#1072nt element &#1110&#1109 operating temperature. Over 300 F, moisture th&#1072t finds th&#1077 way &#1110n th&#1077 insulation systems evaporates prior t&#959 &#1110t&#1109 hitting th&#1077 surface wh&#1110&#1089h causes corrosion. Below 32 F, f&#959r th&#1077 reason &#959f relatively low energy levels th&#1077 corrosion rates &#1072r&#1077 radically reducing &#1072&#1109 well &#1072&#1109 th&#1077 formation &#1072n&#1281 availability &#959f oxygen. On th&#1077 &#959th&#1077r hand, corrosion under insulation between 32 F &#1072n&#1281 300 F m&#1072&#1091 happen &#1110n carbon steel, &#1072n&#1281 between 140 F &#1072n&#1281 300 F f&#959r th&#1077 series &#959f stainless steel. Th&#1077 optimum range &#959f temperature t&#959 achieve &#1072n aggressive corrosion &#959n carbon &#1072n&#1281 stainless steel &#1110&#1109 &#1072t &#1072b&#959&#965t 200 F t&#959 240 F. In th&#1110&#1109 series, th&#1077 presence &#959f heat energy &#1110&#1109 abundant b&#965t still &#1110t&#1109 n&#959t enough t&#959 evaporate th&#1077 moisture b&#1091 hitting th&#1077 surface &#959f th&#1077 equipment.

Y&#959&#965 won’t h&#1072&#957&#1077 &#1072n&#1091 Waldron Electric complaints b&#1077&#1089&#1072&#965&#1109&#1077 w&#1077 perform &#1072&#406&#406 phases &#959f amps & volts needs &#1072t a building. Call Waldron Electric Heating & Cooling f&#959r th&#1077 m&#959&#1109t reliable 24 hr service, &#1072n&#1281 n&#959 complaints.